May also be called: Roundback or Hunchback Kyphosis (ki-FO-sis) is an abnormal rounding of the spine that occurs in the upper and middle part of the back. Congenital kyphosis is a result of abnormal spinal development before a baby is born. More to Know Several other types of kyphosis also can affect kids and teens: Postural kyphosis happens when bones and muscles develop irregularly, possibly due to slouching or poor posture. Scheuermann's kyphosis, which can run in families, is caused by the wedging together of several vertebrae in a row and usually is seen in teens. Kyphosis also can be due to neuromuscular, connective tissue, or endocrine problems. Usually, mild kyphosis doesn't lead to any problems or need to be treated. Severe and visible cases of kyphosis, however, can be painful, cause problems in the lungs and other organs, or lead to emotional issues. In these cases a back brace, surgery, or physical therapy might be recommended. Keep in Mind Kids and teens with kyphosis can lead active, normal lives and usually won't have any restrictions placed on them. Sports and activities don't make kyphosis worse, so even after surgery it's OK for them to be active (while following their doctor's advice on how to do so safely). All A to Z dictionary entries are regularly reviewed by KidsHealth medical experts. Back to Articles Related Articles Kyphosis Your spine, or backbone, normally curves forward gently as it runs up your back. Sometimes, though, someone's back can be rounded too far forward, which is a condition known as kyphosis. Read More Kyphosis Everyone's spine is slightly rounded forward at a gentle angle. If this angle is too pronounced, more than 50 degrees or so, it's called kyphosis, also known as roundback or hunchback. Read More Scoliosis Scoliosis makes a person’s spine curve from side to side. Large curves can cause health problems like pain or breathing trouble. Health care providers treat scoliosis with back braces or surgery when needed. Read More Scoliosis Scoliosis makes a person’s spine curve from side to side. Large curves can cause health problems like pain or breathing trouble. Health care providers treat scoliosis with back braces or surgery when needed. Read More Your Bones Where would you be without your bones? Learn more about the skeletal system in this article for kids. Read More Note: All information is for educational purposes only. For specific medical advice, diagnoses, and treatment, consult your doctor. © 1995-2021 KidsHealth®. All rights reserved. Images provided by The Nemours Foundation, iStock, Getty Images, Veer, Shutterstock, and Clipart.com.