And step-by-step instructions on removing those pesky (and potentially dangerous) bugs

Story by: Joe Hall on May 1, 2017

A colleague of mine was recently traumatized after she found a tick on her head. She discovered it while driving and, in a moment of panic, ripped it off and tried to drown it in her coffee (not the recommended way to kill a tick, by the way). This sparked a conversation in the office: Why do ticks seem to be so bad this year?

Mike Schardein, M.S., environmental biologist, with the Kentucky Division of Epidemiology and Health Planning, told me the tick population isn’t necessarily higher, but the mild winter is bringing them out earlier than normal.

“We really needed a string of days with temperatures in the 20s or below, and we didn’t get it,” Schardein said. “Plus this warm spring also is drawing people and pets outside, leading to early contact.”

This means parents already need to be extra vigilant, as ticks are known to carry Lyme disease and Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Libby Wilson Mims, M.D., pediatrician with Norton Children’s Medical Group – Shepherdsville, explains how to spot ticks and remove them safely.

“Ticks are all different sizes, so giving your child and yourself a good once-over at the end of a day outside is important,” Dr. Mims. “This can be done during bath time for children or when getting cleaned up and ready for bed.”

Most ticks can be seen relatively easily, but they do like to hide on the scalp under hair and warmer areas such as armpits. Dr. Mims advises that parents look for black bumps on the skin and scalp.

If you spot a tick, use the tried-and-true method to remove it.

“Home remedies are not recommended,” Dr. Mims said. “The old wives’ tales of using petroleum jelly, dish soap and other strategies are not as effective and can cause skin irritation.”

Here’s what parents should do if your child has a tick bite

1. Get the tweezers as close to the head of the tick as possible.
2. Pull directly up and away from the skin to remove the tick. If you have a tight hold of it, it should come out intact, including the head. Do not pull the body of the tick, because squeezing the body can allow the tick to regurgitate the contents back into the bite, possibly causing infection. It also increases the chance the head will detach and stay imbedded in the skin.
3. If sections of the mouthparts of the tick remain in the skin, they should be left alone. They normally will be expelled naturally.
4. Wash the affected area with warm soap and water once you have removed the tick
5. Dispose of a live tick by submersing it in alcohol, placing it in a sealed bag/container, wrapping it tightly in tape, or flushing it down the toilet. Never crush a tick with your fingers.

In rare cases, swelling and redness may develop at the site of the bite — a sign there could be an infection. If that happens, see your physician for possible treatment, which may include an antibiotic.

“If further symptoms develop, such as fever, body aches, headache or rash — specifically a bull’s eye-shaped rash around the bite — seek immediate medical treatment,” Dr. Mims said. “These may be symptoms of Lyme disease or Rocky Mountain spotted fever.”

Lyme disease is rare in our area, but the risk for Rocky Mountain spotted fever is higher. According the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Rocky Mountain spotted fever diagnoses are highest among males, American Indians and people age 40 and older.

“Most tick bites are usually painless, and about half of the people who develop Rocky Mountain spotted fever do not remember being bitten,” Dr. Mims said. “The disease frequently begins with a sudden onset of fever and headache resulting in a visit to the doctor during the first few days of symptoms. Because early symptoms may be nonspecific, several visits may occur before the diagnosis is made and correct treatment begins.”